自動(dòng)混凝土攪拌機(jī)使用過(guò)程中的大部分時(shí)間罐體都在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，操縱機(jī)構(gòu)直接控制罐體的進(jìn)料、攪拌、攪動(dòng)、出料、停轉(zhuǎn)等工作狀態(tài)。下面來(lái)分析自動(dòng)混凝土攪拌機(jī)操縱機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)吧。

The tank body rotates most of the time during the use of the automatic concrete mixer, and the operating mechanism directly controls the feeding, mixing, stirring, discharging, stopping and other working conditions of the tank body. Now let's analyze the control mechanism design of automatic concrete mixer.

一、操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的形式

1、 Form of control mechanism

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)根據(jù)其連接方式，一般有三種形式

The operating mechanism generally has three forms according to its connection mode

（1）機(jī)械連桿方式

(1) Mechanical linkage mode

使用連桿連接到整車(chē)后端的兩個(gè)連動(dòng)的操縱手柄，可以從車(chē)輛的兩面操作。此種連接方式可靠，結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，易于維護(hù)。

Two linked joysticks connected to the rear end of the vehicle can be operated from both sides of the vehicle. This connection mode is reliable, complex in structure and easy to maintain.

（2）軟軸方式

(2) Flexible shaft mode

使用軟軸連接到整車(chē)后端的一個(gè)操縱手柄，僅能從車(chē)輛的單面操作。此種操縱機(jī)構(gòu)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，比較美觀，但軟軸一旦損壞就無(wú)法修復(fù)。因此攪拌車(chē)使用這種操縱方式并不多見(jiàn)。

A joystick connected to the rear end of the vehicle with a flexible shaft can only be operated from one side of the vehicle. This kind of control mechanism is relatively simple and beautiful, but once the flexible shaft is damaged, it cannot be repaired. Therefore, it is rare to use this kind of operation mode for mixer trucks.

（3）電控方式

(3) Electric control mode

使用電動(dòng)方式調(diào)節(jié)油泵轉(zhuǎn)向，線路元件損壞，非專(zhuān)門(mén)的人員一般難以修復(fù)。攪拌車(chē)屬于工程車(chē)輛，運(yùn)行工況較復(fù)雜，在國(guó)內(nèi)很少使用。

If the oil pump steering is adjusted electrically, the circuit components are damaged, and it is generally difficult for non specialized personnel to repair. Mixers are engineering vehicles with complex operating conditions, which are rarely used in China.

二、設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題

2、 Matters needing attention in design

目前攪拌車(chē)主要使用的機(jī)械連桿式操作機(jī)構(gòu)。下面主要針對(duì)連桿式操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行分析。

At present, the mechanical linkage type operating mechanism is mainly used for mixer trucks. The following mainly analyzes the design of the linkage control mechanism.

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的功能性要求

Functional requirements of control mechanism

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)要求從駕駛內(nèi)和整車(chē)后部均可以靈活操縱。操縱機(jī)構(gòu)需要控制上裝的油泵和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的油門(mén)。操縱機(jī)構(gòu)通過(guò)控制油泵的斜盤(pán)拉桿調(diào)節(jié)罐體的正反轉(zhuǎn)。由于油泵的斜盤(pán)拉桿的角度和作用力不同，這就要求對(duì)不同的油泵設(shè)計(jì)不同的放大機(jī)構(gòu)。

The control mechanism is required to be flexible from the inside of the driver and the rear of the vehicle. The operating mechanism needs to control the upper mounted oil pump and the accelerator of the engine. The operating mechanism regulates the forward and reverse rotation of the tank body by controlling the swashplate pull rod of the oil pump. Because the angle and force of the swashplate pull rod of the oil pump are different, different magnifying mechanisms are required for different oil pumps.

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的可靠性要求

Reliability requirements for operating mechanism

攪拌車(chē)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中需要保證罐體的正向運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，但攪拌車(chē)運(yùn)行的工況一般較差，操縱手柄的振動(dòng)容易導(dǎo)致油泵的斜盤(pán)拉桿復(fù)位，罐體可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)停轉(zhuǎn)或者反轉(zhuǎn)卸料現(xiàn)象。司機(jī)在行車(chē)時(shí)往往注意不到罐體的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況，可設(shè)計(jì)駕駛室內(nèi)的操縱手柄鎖緊機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)確保罐體的正常轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

During the operation of the mixer, it is necessary to ensure the tank body to run in the positive direction, but the working condition of the mixer is generally poor. The vibration of the operating handle is easy to cause the reset of the swashplate pull rod of the oil pump, and the tank body may stop or reverse unloading. When driving, the driver often cannot notice the operation of the tank, so the locking mechanism of the joystick in the cab can be designed to ensure the normal rotation of the tank.

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的可維護(hù)性

Maintainability of control mechanism

操縱機(jī)構(gòu)難免損壞，要方便維護(hù)，及時(shí)排除故障。

The operating mechanism is inevitably damaged, which shall be convenient for maintenance and timely troubleshooting.

對(duì)攪拌車(chē)罐體的操作有多種方式，但原理基本相同。由于攪拌車(chē)工作環(huán)境比較惡劣，在實(shí)現(xiàn)功能性的同時(shí)，關(guān)鍵要提高操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的可靠性和可維護(hù)性。更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容就來(lái)我們網(wǎng)站http://ffyhk.cn咨詢了解吧。

There are many ways to operate the tank of the mixer truck, but the principle is basically the same. Due to the harsh working environment of the mixer, it is critical to improve the reliability and maintainability of the operating mechanism while realizing the functionality. More relevant content will come to our website http://ffyhk.cn Ask and understand.